I-vacuum freeze dryer, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-frized dryer, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi. Ziza ngamamodeli ahlukahlukene futhi zingahlukaniswa ngezindlela eziningi ngokuya ngamazinga okuhlukanisa ahlukene.
Ukuhlukaniswa Ngokwefomu Lesakhiwo
Ibhokisi-uhlobo lwe-Vacuum Freeze Dryer
Leli ifomu lesakhiwo elivamile. Ngokujwayelekile iqukethe-igumbi lokomisa, i-condenser, kanye neyunithi yephampu yevacuum. Igumbi lokuqandisa-igumbi lokumisa kulapho izinto ezizomiswa zibe yiqhwa-zibekwe khona; ngokuvamile kuyisakhiwo sebhokisi lesikwele esinamashalofu amaningi ngaphakathi ukuze sisekele amathreyi wezinto ezibonakalayo. Lawa mashelufu angaba izinga lokushisa{6}}alawuleke ukuze anikeze indawo efanelekile yokuqandisa{7}}indawo yokomisa yezinto. I-condenser inesibopho sokuthwebula umhwamuko wamanzi ongaphansi kwe-sublimated futhi iwahlanganise eqhweni ngesistimu yesiqandisi ukuze kugcinwe indawo yokukhipha umoya phakathi{9}}nenqubo yokomisa. Umsebenzi weyunithi yephampu ye-vacuum ukukhipha igesi ngaphakathi kwegumbi{11}}lokumisa i-vacuum ukuze udale ileveli ye-vacuum edingekayo. Ibhokisi-Izomisa zohlobo lwe-vacuum vacuum zilungele ukufriza{14}}ukomisa izinto ezihlukahlukene, zidlala indima enhle kukho kokubili{15}}ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri oluncane kanye{16}}nokukhiqizwa kwesikali. Embonini yokudla, ingasetshenziswa ukumisa{18}}izithako ezithile ezikhethekile, njengezingcezu zezithelo nemifino edayiwe; emkhakheni wezemithi, ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukumisa{19}}ukukhiqizwa kokumiswa kwamaqoqo amancane emithi.
I-Vacuum Freeze Dryer eqhubekayo
I-vacuum freeze dryer eqhubekayo inomklamo oyingqayizivele ovumela ukuphakelwa okuqhubekayo nokukhipha izinto ezisetshenziswayo, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Ngokuvamile iqukethe uhlelo lokuphakelayo, igumbi lokomisa, nesistimu yokukhipha. Uhlelo lokuphakelayo luhlala luthutha{2}}izinto ezilashwe ngaphambilini endaweni yokomisa ngesivinini esilawulwayo. Igumbi lokomisa liqukethe izindawo ezisebenzayo eziningi lapho okokusebenza kuqandisa khona, ukomiswa kwe-sublimation, nezinye izinqubo. Kuhlelo lokukhipha, izinto ezomile ngokuphelele zikhishwa ngokushesha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokuzinzile kwemishini. Imishini yokomisa i-vacuum eqhubekayo ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile-ekukhiqizweni kwesilinganiso esikhulu, njengasembonini yokukhiqiza ikhofi esheshayo nempushana yobisi. Indlela yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuvumelana ngenkathi kunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Ukuhlukaniswa Ngesikali Sokusebenza
I-Experimental Vacuum Freeze Dryer
Imishini yokomisa i-vacuum yokuhlola isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri. Lawa madivaysi mancane ngosayizi, alula ngokwakheka, futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyinakekela. Umthamo wabo wokumisa-ukhawulelwe, ngokuvamile uphatha izinto ezincane, futhi ngokuvamile usetshenziselwa ukuhlola nokucwaninga izinqubo zokumisa{3}}zokomisa kwezinto ezintsha. Isibonelo, ekuthuthukisweni kwemithi emisha ezikhungweni zocwaningo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kufrizwe-amasampula amancane okomisa ukuze kutholwe amapharamitha wokumisa okufanele -okumisa, njengezinga lokushisa, izinga le-vacuum, nesikhathi. Izikomisi zokuhlola ze-vacuum zingahlangabezana nale-imfuneko yokuhlola isikali, inikeze ukusekela kwedatha nereferensi yenqubo yokukhiqiza okulandelayo-kwesikali{10}}sesikali nesinkulu. Igumbi labo lokumisa{12}}igumbi lokumisa langaphakathi lincane, lineshelufu elilinganiselwe, futhi ukulungiselelwa kwesiqandisi namasistimu okukhipha umoya kuklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlola, ngaphandle kokudinga umthamo wokukhiqiza ophezulu kakhulu.
Linga-Isikali Somshini Wokumisa Ivacuum
Imishini yokumisa i-pilot-scale vacuum freeze dryer iyisisetshenziswa esiphakathi kwamamodeli{1}}esikali sokuhlola nokukhiqiza. Amandla abo okucubungula athuthuke kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli okuhlola, kodwa asemancane uma kuqhathaniswa-nezisetshenziswa zokukhiqiza ezinkulu. Imishini yokulinga-yesilinganiso, ngesakhiwo nokusebenza kwayo kuseduze nokukhiqiza{6}}izisetshenziswa zesikali, isebenza njengebhuloho elibalulekile lokuhumusha imiphumela yocwaningo lwaselabhorethri ibe yimikhiqizo yezimboni. Ivumela ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe-kwezinqubo zokumisa-zokomisa ezisungulwe esigabeni sokuhlola, kuhlole ukuzinza kwazo nokuba nokwenzeka kwazo ngezinga elikhulu. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lwezinkampani ezenza imithi ehambisa imithi emisha isuka ekuthuthukisweni kwaselabhorethri iye ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, -imishini yokomisa i-scale vacuum freeze ingamisa{12}}inqwaba yemithi, iqinisekise ukwethembeka kwenqubo yokukhiqiza futhi inikeze isisekelo sokukhethwa kwemishini kanye nokuhlelwa kweshabhu yokukhiqiza.
Ukukhiqiza-izinga le-Vacuum Freeze Dryers
Ukukhiqiza-imishini yokomisa i-vacuum yokumisa isikali idizayinelwe-ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ezinkulu. Zihlanganisa izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, imisebenzi enamandla, namandla okukhiqiza aphezulu. Amakamelo{4}okomisa afriziwe makhulu, anamashalofu abanzi futhi amaningi, akwazi ukuphatha izinto eziningi eziqandisiwe{5}}. Amasistimu wesiqandisi kanye ne-vacuum nawo aqine kakhulu ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo-zezinga lokushisa eziphansi kanye{8}}eziphezulu ze-vacuum-zezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinkulu. Ukukhiqiza{11}}izinto zokomisa i-vacuum vacuum esikalini zidlala indima ebalulekile{12}}ekukhiqizweni kwesilinganiso esikhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukudla, imithi, kanye ne-biopharmaceuticals. Embonini yokudla, kuvumela ukumiswa{14}}kwenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yezolimo ukuze kukhiqizwe{15}izinga eliphezulu lokuqandisa{16}ukudla okomisiwe; embonini yezemithi, ingasetshenziselwa{17}}ukukhiqiza okukhulu kwemithi eqandisiwe{18}}, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokunikezwa kwemithi.
Ukuhlukaniswa Ngendlela Yokushisa
Xhumana Nomshini Wokushisisa Wokushisisa
Imishini yokushisisa ye-vacuum efriza idlulisa ukushisa ngokuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwezinto namashalofu ashisayo, okukhuthaza ukuncishiswa komswakama kokubalulekile. Amashalofu ashisayo ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ezinokusebenza kahle kwe-thermal, njengensimbi engagqwali. Ngesikhathi sokuqhwa-okubalulekile kubekwa emashalofini, futhi isistimu yokushisisa ishisisa amashalofu ezingeni lokushisa elifanele. Ukushisa kudluliselwa endabeni ngokuthintana, okwenza umswakama wezinto ezibonakalayo unciphe kancane kancane. Inzuzo yale ndlela yokushisisa ukusebenza kahle kwayo kokudlulisa ukushisa, okwandisa ngempumelelo-isivinini sokumisa. Nokho, futhi inemikhawulo ethile. Okwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinomumo ongajwayelekile noma lawo anamathela kalula kumashalofu, kungase kuholele ekushiseni okungalingani, kuthinte umthelela wokumisa{8}}okuqandayo. Izinto zokomisa i-vacuum vacuum freeze dryer zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni lapho umumo wento engekho bucayi futhi kudingeka ukuba kube yiqhwa okusheshayo{10}}njengokoma{11}}njengokomiswa kwekhemikhali ethile.
I-Radiation Heating Vacuum Ifriji Yokumisa
Imisebe yokushisisa i-vacuum dryer dryer isebenzisa isimiso semisebe eshisayo ukushisa izinto. Umthombo wokushisisa ngemisebe, njengesibani sokushisisa i-infrared, ufakwa ngaphakathi kwegumbi{1}}lokomisa eliqandayo. Imisebe-i-heated vacuum dryer dryer ikhipha umsebe ngokuqondile, okubangela ukuthi izinto zimunce ukushisa futhi zinciphise umswakama wako. Inzuzo yale ndlela yokushisa ukushisa kwayo okufanayo, okungathinteki ukuma noma ukubekwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuqinisekisa ngisho nokushisa kwazo zonke izingxenye zezinto. Okokusebenza okudinga ukushisisa okuphezulu okufanayo, njengemikhiqizo yebhayoloji kanye{6}}nemithi ephezulu, i-radiation{7}}i-heated vacuum freeze dryer dryer iyinketho engcono. Nokho, ukushisisa ngemisebe kunokusebenza kahle okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, okungase kube yiqhwa-izikhathi zokumisa ezinde, kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zezisetshenziswa.
Umshini-Umshini Wokushisisa Ohlanganisiwe Wokushisisa Umshini Wokomisa Umqasa
Imishini yokushisa-ehlanganisa imisebe yokushisisa ehlanganisiwe ihlanganisa izinzuzo zokushisisa okuthintwayo nokushisisa ngemisebe. Zidlulisa ukushisa okuthile ngokuthintana phakathi kwamashalofu ashisayo nezinto ezibonakalayo, kuyilapho zisebenzisa umthombo wokushisisa ngemisebe ukuze zikhiphe ukushisa. Le ndlela yokushisisa ehlanganisiwe ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushisisa futhi inciphise isikhathi sokubanda-sokoma kuyilapho iqinisekisa ukushisisa okufanayo. Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, ezintweni ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokuqandisa-ikhwalithi yokomisa nokusebenza kahle, njengokufriza-ukumisa amakhambi ayigugu aseShayina kanye nokubandisa{7}}ukomisa ukudla okukhethekile,{8}}i-conduction ye-radiation composite heat vacuum freeze dryer inganikeza ukudlala okuphelele kuzinzuzo zayo ezihlukile{9} futhi kunikeze ukukhululeka okukhethekile kokwelashwa{9}
